BUDHISM ( PART II)

Buddhist Literatures

1. Vinaya Pitaka  - Rules of the order or Buddha's disciplinary code
2. Sutta Pitaka - Sermons on matter of doctrines and ethics, Buddha's teachings
3. Abhidhamma Pitaka - On metaphysics and philosophy

Buddhist Councils

Council	Time	Place	King	Chairmanship	Development
First	483 BC	Sattapani Cave ( Rajagriha, Bihar)	Ajatshatru	Mahakassapa	Vinay Pitaka compiled by Upali and Sutta Pitaka compiled by Ananda
Second	383 BC	Vaishali ( Bihar)	Kalashoka	Sabakami	Permanent split of the Buddhist order into Sthavirmadins and Mahasanghikas
Third	250 BC	Pataliputra (Bihar)	Ashoka	MoggaliputtaTissa	The third Pitak-Abhidhamma pitaka was compiled
Fourth	72 AD	Kundalvana (Kashmir)	Kanishka	Vasumitra	Division of Buddhism into the Mahayana and the Hinayana sects. Codification of Sarvastivadin doctrine as Mahavibhasa took place

The Doctrine of Buddha

Four Great Truths (Aryasatya)

• The World is full of sorrow and misery.
• The cause of all pain and misery is desire
• Pain and misery can be ended by controlling the desire.
• Desire can be controlled by following the eight-fold path.

The Eight-Fold Path( Ashtang Marga) Consists of :

• Right Faith
• Right Thought
• Right Action
• Right Means of Livelihood
• Right exertion of efforts
• Right Speech
• Right Remembrance
• Right Concentration or Meditation.