Humayun (1530 – 40 and 1555 – 56)
• He was born to Mahim Begam and Babur.• Defeated the Afghan forces at Daurah in 1532.• He was attacked by Sher Shah at Chausa (Battle of Chausa) in 1539, but escaped. Here Humayun was saved by Nizam, a water carrier (saqqa).• But in the Battle of Kannauj (also called Battle of Bilgram) in 1540, he was defeated by Sher Shah and had to flee.• Passed nearly 15 years (1540 – 1555) in exile.• Had the chance to return in 1555. Sher Shah, the victor of Kannauj, died in 1545. He was succeeded by his son• Islam Shah, who ruled up to 1553. He was succeeded by Muhammad Adil Shah.• Bairam Khan, his most faithful officer, helped him in this.• Died in 1556, due to a fall from his library building stairs (Sher Mandal, Delhi) seven months after he captured• Delhi. It is said about him that “Humayun tumbled through life and he tumbled out of it”.• Gulbadan Begum, his half – sister, wrote Humayun – nama.
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